Quartz is one of the most widely distributed minerals on the earth's surface, and its use is also quite extensive. In the Stone Age, people used it to make simple tools such as stone axes and stone arrows to hunt for food and fight against enemies. Piezoelectric quartz plates are used as standard frequencies in quartz clocks and electronic equipment; glass made after melting can be used to make optical instruments, glasses, glass tubes and other products; also can be used as bearings for precision instruments, abrasive materials, glass ceramics, etc. Industrial raw materials.
When quartz crystals contain fine bubbles or liquid filling cracks, rainbows can be generated by interference light, which can be made into fine jewelry. Napoleon's wife, Empress Josephine, has a dazzling collection of gemstones made of rainbow quartz.
Quartz contains various impurities and colors. It has the following different types:
Rock crystal: colorless and transparent
Amethyst: Purple transparent or translucent, heated to decolorize.
Rose quartz (rosequartz): light rose, dense and translucent.
Smoke crystal (smokyquartz): color or brown transparent. The reason for color formation is that Si is replaced by Al under the action of radiation, which is caused by the loss of the paramagnetic center in the tetrahedron. The color further deepens to become a black crystal (blackquartz)
Citrine: gold or lemon yellow
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