World Bank research shows that although the number of attempts to limit imports has soared, the actual increase in tariffs has been much less, affecting only a limited part of global trade.
A newer study by the World Bank-funded oversight service, the Global Anti-Dumping Database, shows that in the third quarter of 2009, the number of new official investigations launched by countries to implement so-called “trade remedy measures†(emergency restrictions on imports) . The survey was conducted at the request of local manufacturers who tried to mitigate the impact of cheap imports.
Not long ago, US President Barack Obama imposed so-called "special protection" restrictions on Chinese tires, which led to strong criticism from all sides. Since then, the political significance of import restrictions has increased.
But another study by the World Bank shows that so far, the increase in trade barriers has only affected a small portion of global trade. The newly proposed trade remedy measures between 2008 and the previous quarter of 2009 only covered 0.4% of the US and EU imports. Even the surveys initiated by China and India will only affect imports of 0.6% and 1.8% respectively. China and India are two countries that use trade remedy measures more frequently.
The data show that although some countries ignore the G20's commitment to avoid protectionist actions and have introduced a number of practical initiatives or proposals to impose urgent restrictions on imported products, these restrictions have little impact on trade.
Once the investigation into whether imported goods are being dumped, illegal subsidies, or just a large influx poses a threat to domestic industries, governments generally impose full restrictions on imported products after 12 to 18 months. In the third quarter of 2009, a total of 44 new surveys were launched worldwide, a 53% increase over the same period in 2008, which usually indicates that there will be a wave of restrictions next year.
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